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Tying The Financial Knot: Unmarried Couples Need A Plan Too

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Insights from research by Hugh Magill, Former Vice Chairman at Northern Trust.

Your relationship may not be traditional, and your estate plan does not need to be either.

Over the past few decades, the United States has seen a consistent decline in the number of couples opting to marry. However, this does not mean people are no longer in long-term relationships — many couples simply remain unmarried. “The marriage paradigm is changing. In previous generations, marriage was a cornerstone: Couples dated, got married, lived together, then had children. Today, couples may build a life together before they marry, making marriage a capstone experience,”1 says Hugh Magill, Northern Trust’s Chief Fiduciary Officer and Global Director of Trust Services.

The marriage paradigm is changing

1920px-marriage-paradigm-changing Historical Relationship Progression of adults 25+ were unmarried in 1960 % 9 COURTSHIP MARRIAGE COHABITATION CHILDREN FINANCIAL SECURITY Recent Relationship Trend % 20 of adults 25+ were unmarried in 2012 COURTSHIP COHABITATION FINANCIAL SECURITY CHILDREN MARRIAGE
768px-marriage-paradigm-changing Historical Relationship Progression of adults 25+ were unmarried in 1960 9 % COURTSHIP MARRIAGE COHABITATION CHILDREN FINANCIAL SECURITY Recent Relationship Trend 20 % of adults 25+ were unmarried in 2012 COURTSHIP COHABITATION FINANCIAL SECURITY CHILDREN MARRIAGE
375px-marriage-paradigm-changing RECENT RELATIONSHIP TRENDS % 20 of adults 25+ were unmarried in 2012 COURTSHIP COHABITATION FINANCIAL SECURITY CHILDREN MARRIAGE HISTORICAL RELATIONSHIP PROGRESSION % 9 of adults 25+ were unmarried in 1960 COURTSHIP MARRIAGE COHABITATION CHILDREN FINANCIAL SECURITY

While cohabitation is a growing trend, current property and tax laws do not afford the same financial protections to domestic partners as they do to married couples. This is a significant issue, given the growing number of couples and children it impacts.

The number of adults cohabitating increased 29% from 2007 to 20162

While nearly half of all cohabitating adults are under 35, the percentage of cohabiters aged 50 and over is increasing. 

1920px-cohabitating-adults 2016 2007 50+ YRS 35-49 YRS 18-34 YRS 4M 4.7M 8.9M 9 7 5 3 1 0
768px-cohabitating-adults 9 7 5 3 1 0 18-34 YRS 35-49 YRS 50+ YRS 4M 4.7M 8.9M 2007 2016
375px-cohabitating-adults 2007 2016 9 7 5 3 1 0 8.9M 4.7M 4M 18-34 YRS 35-49 YRS 50+ YRS

Many cohabiters remain in long-term relationships3

1920px-long-term-relationships_2 REMAIN IN THE RELATIONSHIP GET MARRIED END THE RELATIONSHIP After 1 Year After 3 Years ALMOST 30% 9% 58% 19% 62% 23% 0 20 40 60 80 100 with unmarried parents in 2018 3 living in the U.S were living Five million children
768px-long-term-relationships ALMOST 30% 9% 58% 19% 62% 23% 100 0 20 40 60 80 REMAIN IN THE RELATIONSHIP GET MARRIED END THE RELATIONSHIP After 1 Year After 3 Years with unmarried parents in 2018 3 living in the U.S. were living Five million children
375px-long-term-relationships After 1 Year After 3 Year 62% 23% ALMOST 30% 58% 9% 19% 0 20 40 60 80 100 REMAIN IN THE RELATIONSHIP GET MARRIED END THE RELATIONSHIP

6 Steps Toward An Estate Plan For Unmarried Couples:

High-net-worth couples may have a mutual understanding of how they would allocate their wealth if their partner should pass, but they may not have an impetus (such as a prenuptial agreement) to put an estate plan in writing. Without a legally binding agreement, a judge cannot enforce their wishes. To avoid this situation, consider taking the following steps to ensure your intentions are fulfilled.

  1. Consider consulting an attorney about a cohabitation agreement in lieu of a prenuptial agreement.
  2. Discuss two difficult subjects – disability and death – to understand each other's expectations about healthcare and wealth transfer.
  3. Work with a skilled estate planning attorney to develop an estate plan that is consistent with each partner’s objectives.
  4. Carefully consider the tax implications of asset transfers, both those occurring during life and at death, in light of the fact that tax deductions available to married couples are not applicable to unmarried couples.
  5. Title assets and modify beneficiary designations to follow the provisions of each estate plan.
  6. Execute durable powers of attorney for healthcare and property.

Traditional family structures in the U.S. are clearly evolving, but most estate plan laws have not yet caught up. To ensure each partner is protected, unmarried couples should seek the guidance of attorneys and other advisors to build a successful strategy.

1920px-quote Life is unpredictable. One of the most important gifts that we can leave our family is a thoughtful and carefully designed estate plan." Chief Fiduciary Officer and Global Director of Trust Services, Northern Trust Hugh Magill
768px-quote Life is unpredictable. One of the most important gifts that we can leave our family is a thoughtful and carefully designed estate plan." Chief Fiduciary Officer and Global Director of Trust Services, Northern Trust Hugh Magill
375px-quote Services, Northern Trust Chief Fiduciary Officer and Global Director of Trust Hugh Magill Life is unpredictable. One of the most important gifts that we can leave our family is a thoughtful and carefully designed estate plan."
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  1. Taylor, P. The Pew Research Center, The Next America, New York: Public Affairs, 2014.
  2. Parker, K., Wang, W. (2014, September 24). Record Share of American's Have Never Married. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2014/09/24/record-share-of-americans-have-never-married/
  3. Livingston, G (2018, April 27). About one-third of U.S. children are living with an unmarried parent. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/04/27/about-one-third-of-u-s-children-are-living-with-an-unmarried-parent/
  4. "Living Arrangements of Children Under 18 Years and Marital Status Of Parents, By Age, Sex, Race, And Hispanic Origin And Selected Characteristics Of The Child For All Children: 2016," United States Census Bureau, 2016

Disclosures

This information is not intended to be and should not be treated as legal, investment, accounting or tax advice and is for informational purposes only. Readers, including professionals, should under no circumstances rely upon this information as a substitute for their own research or for obtaining specific legal, accounting or tax advice from their own counsel. All information discussed herein is current only as of the date appearing in this material and is subject to change at any time without notice.

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